#VISCOSITY OF AIR AT 25.25C FULL#

Propylene GlycolĬomparing ethylene glycol and propylene glycol antifreeze properties.īoiling Liquids - Max Pumping Flow Velocities required amount of antifreeze.Īntifreeze - Ethylene Glycol vs. Temperature Ratingįreeze protecting of cooling systems - temperature rating vs. Viscosities of products and chemical species at varying conditions.Īntifreeze - Ethylene Glycol Volume vs. Material properties of gases, fluids and solids - densities, specific heats, viscosities and more.

#VISCOSITY OF AIR AT 25.25C FULL#

Boiling Points Ethylene Glycol Solutionsįor full table with Boiling Points - rotate the screen!Īir Conditioning systems - heating, cooling and dehumidification of indoor air for thermal comfort.īoiling points of elements, products and chemical species at varying conditions.ĭensities of solids, liquids and gases. Systems for automatic makeup water should not be used since a leakage would contaminate the environment and dilute the antifreeze protection of the system. City water may be treated with chlorine which is corrosive. Note! Distilled or deionized water should be used for ethylene glycol solutions. Silicates in automobile antifreeze are used to protect aluminum engine parts. The net impact can be estimated to 0.815 * 1.077 = 0.877.Īutomobile antifreeze solutions should not be used in HVAC systems because they contain silicates that may cause fouling. Specific gravity at the same conditions is 1.077. Example - the specific heat of an ethylene glycol water solution 50% / 50% is 0.815 at 80 oF (26.7 oC). Note! The density of ethylene glycol is higher than water - check the specific gravity (SG) table above, so the net impact on the heat transport capacity is reduced. The reduced heat capacity must be compensated by circulating more fluid. In a 50% solution with operational temperatures above 36 oF the specific heat capacity is decreased with approximately 20%. For a heat transfer system with ethylene glycol the circulated volume must be increased compared to a system only with water. Note! The specific heat of ethylene glycol based water solutions are less than the specific heat of clean water. Freezing point 100% ethylene glycol at atmospheric pressure is -12.8 oC (9 oF).Ethylene Glycol Water Solution Heat-Transfer Fluid - Specific Heat Ethylene Glycol Solution Specific Heat - c p - of ethylene glycol based water solutions at various temperatures are indicated below Specific Heat of Ethylene Glycol based Water Solutions The required expansion volume to avoid pressure can be calculated as (2) can be modified to calculate liquid operation volume as Mass of the liquid in the system during operation will be same as the mass in system during installation V inst = liquid volume at installation (m 3) Ρ inst = density at installation (kg/m 3) M inst = mass of liquid at installation (kg) The mass of the liquid at installation can be calculated as The installation temperature of the system is down to 0 oC and the maximum medium operation temperature is 80 oC.įrom the table above we see that the density of the solution at installation temperature can be as high as 1090 kg/m 3 - and the medium density at operation temperature can be as low as 1042 kg/m 3. Ethylene Glycol Water Solution Heat-Transfer Fluid - Density Mass Fraction of Ethylene Glycol in SolutionĮxample - Expansion Volume in a Heating System with Ethylene GlycolĪ heating system with liquid volume 0.8 m 3 is freeze protected with 50% (by mass, mass fraction 0.5) ethylene glycol.

Densities of Ethylene Glycol based Water Solutions Note! The specific gravity of ethylene glycol based water solutions are increased compared with specific gravity of clean water.

Freezing Point of Ethylene Glycol based Water Solutionsįreezing points of ethylene glycol based water solutions at various temperatures are indicated belowĮthylene Glycol Water Solution Heat-Transfer Fluid - Specific Gravity Temperature Properties differs so much from clean water that heat transfer systems with ethylene glycol should be calculated thoroughly for actual temperature and solution. Specific heat, viscosity and specific weight of a water and ethylene glycol solution vary significantly with the percent of ethylene glycol and the temperature of the fluid. Instead solutions based on propylene glycol are commonly used. Ethylene glycol should be avoided if there is a slightest chance of leakage to potable water or food processing systems. Ethylene glycol is also commonly used in heating applications that temporarily may not be operated (cold) in surroundings with freezing conditions - such as cars and machines with water cooled engines.Įthylene Glycol is the most common antifreeze fluid for standard heating and cooling applications. Ethylene Glycol based water solutions are common in heat-transfer applications where the temperature in the heat transfer fluid can be below 32 oF (0 oC).

Viscosity of air at 25.25c